作者：NursingResearch护理研究前沿

“The key to transforming mental health care lies in strengthening the mental health nursing workforce.” - ICN publishes new report on mental health nursing workforce

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On World Mental Health Day, the International Council of Nurses (ICN) is delighted to announce the publication of a new report on the global mental health nursing workforce entitled Time to Prioritize and Invest in Mental Health and Wellbeing.

Nurses form the largest number of providers in mental health care services (44%) across the world and are responsible for the delivery and coordination of the majority of patient care. Faced with rising demand for mental health and substance use services coupled with shortages of nurses, especially those prepared with specialized mental health skills, ICN developed a report to assist governments, policy makers, nursing associations, nursing educators, and workplaces to review and develop the mental health nursing workforce.

ICN’s President, Dr Pamela Cipriano said the report provided valuable insight:

“Too many people are simply unable to get the care and support they need for mental health conditions. The erosion of mental health is considered by many as the flashpoint for the next pandemic, with one in eight people in the world living with a mental health disorder. As nurses form the largest part of the mental health workforce, the key to transforming mental health care lies in strengthening the mental health nursing workforce. It’s essential to reverse the under-investment in mental health and substance use services to reduce the disease burden for individuals and restore social and economic stability that has been threatened even more through the pandemic.”

To gather the information for this seminal report, ICN, with the assistance of mental health nursing experts from across the globe, developed a survey which was completed by mental health nurses, specialist mental health organisations, ministries of health, and experts in the area of mental health across 44 low-, middle- and high-income countries with all regions represented.

Respondents to the ICN survey indicated that there are multiple reasons why there are insufficient numbers of mental health nurses, including poor planning and regulatory environments, limited incentives to pursue a career in mental health; inadequate education preparation; the lack of reward and recognition and the lingering stigma attached to mental health.

ICN estimates that there are approximately 300,000 mental health nurses across the world, but this varies vastly across regions, ranging from just 0.9 mental health nurse per 100,000 population in Africa to 25.2 per 100,000 in Europe. The ICN report provides an analysis of the mental health nursing workforce and looks at ways to build the workforce, including educational preparation, retention and recruitment, and the role of advanced practice nurses and the preive authority for nurses in mental health.

The report concludes that if mental health needs are to be addressed appropriately, there needs to be targeted strategies, plans and investment in the mental health nursing workforce. ICN strongly advocates for the investment of further education and professional development in mental health nursing in order to support individuals and communities achieve the highest attainable standard of physical, mental and social health and wellbeing.

The ICN report out today builds on the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health Report: Transforming mental health for all, which highlighted persistent workforce shortages as one of the major challenges preventing effective action in mental health programmes. There are simply not enough health care professionals to meet demand across the continuum of care which includes prevention, promotion, treatment and rehabilitation of mental health and wellbeing.

Last week at the launch event for the WISH/WHO Report Our duty of care: A global call to action to protect the mental health of health and care workers, ICN CEO Howard Catton who advised on the report, said the case for investment in nurses was being undermined by governments continuing to undervalue nurses.

ICN is also backing today’s launch of The Lancet Commission on Stigma and Discrimination in Mental Health report which confirms the findings of ICN’s own report that stigma and discrimination in the health care professions have been worsened by the COVID Effect and require urgent attention.

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在世界心理健康日，国际护士理事会（ICN）高兴地宣布发布了一份关于全球心理健康护理工作人员的新报告，题为《为心理健康和福利优先化和投资的时间》。

护士是世界上最多的精神卫生保健服务提供者（44%），负责大多数患者护理的提供和协调。面对对心理健康和药物使用服务的需求不断增长，加上护士短缺，特别是那些具备专业心理健康技能的护士，国际护士组织编写了一份报告，以协助政府、决策者、护理协会、护理教育者和工作场所审查和发展心理健康护理劳动力。

ICN总裁Pamela Cipriano博士表示，该报告提供了宝贵的见解：

“太多的人根本无法获得心理健康状况所需的护理和支持。心理健康的恶化被许多人视为下一次流感大流行的爆发点，世界上每八个人中就有一人患有心理健康障碍。由于护士是心理健康劳动力的最大组成部分，转变心理健康护理的关键在于加强心理健康护理ng心理健康护理劳动力。必须扭转对精神健康和药物使用服务的投资不足，以减轻个人的疾病负担，恢复社会和经济稳定，而这一流行病更是威胁到社会和经济的稳定。”

为了为这份开创性的报告收集信息，ICN在全球心理健康护理专家的协助下，开展了一项调查，由44个低收入、中等收入和高收入国家的心理健康护士、专业心理健康组织、卫生部和心理健康领域的专家完成，所有地区都有代表。

ICN调查的受访者表示，心理健康护士人数不足有多种原因，包括规划和监管环境差、追求心理健康职业的动机有限；教育准备不足；缺乏奖励和认可，以及对心理健康的长期污名。

ICN估计，全世界大约有30万心理健康护士，但各地区的情况差异很大，从非洲每10万人口只有0.9名心理健康护士到欧洲每10万人25.2名。ICN报告分析了心理健康护理劳动力，并探讨了建立劳动力的方法，包括教育准备、保留和招聘，以及高级执业护士的作用和心理健康护士的规定权限。

报告的结论是，如果要适当满足心理健康需求，就需要有针对性的战略、计划和对心理健康护理人员的投资。ICN强烈主张对心理健康护理的进一步教育和专业发展进行投资，以支持个人和社区实现可达到的最高标准的身体、心理和社会健康和福祉。

ICN今天发布的报告以世界卫生组织的《世界心理健康报告：改变所有人的心理健康》为基础，该报告强调了劳动力持续短缺是阻碍心理健康计划有效行动的主要挑战之一。根本没有足够的卫生保健专业人员来满足整个护理连续体的需求，包括预防、促进、治疗和心理健康与福祉的康复。

上周，在“希望/世界卫生组织报告我们的护理责任：全球行动呼吁以保护卫生和护理工作者的心理健康”的启动活动上，ICN首席执行官霍华德·卡顿（Howard Catton）就该报告提供了建议，他说，政府继续低估护士的价值，这削弱了对护士进行投资的理由。

ICN还支持《柳叶刀委员会关于精神健康中的耻辱和歧视问题的报告》的发布，该报告证实了ICN自己的报告的结论，即COVID效应加剧了医疗保健行业的耻辱感和歧视，需要紧急关注。

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